Library
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Many veterinarians, including nutritionists and behaviorists, believe it is important for dogs and cats to express their natural foraging and hunting behaviors. For pets living indoors, this can be difficult, and the lack of this stimulation can sometimes lead to behavior problems. Enriching a pet's environment with food toys and puzzles at mealtimes can fulfill the need to forage. The use of toys, puzzles and other novel methods of food delivery can also be effective ways to increase daily movement in overweight or inactive pets.
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Enrofloxacin is an antibiotic given by mouth or in the muscle commonly used to treat bacterial infections in cats, dogs, and off label in small mammals, birds, and reptiles. Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and lack of appetite. It should not be used in growing or dehydrated pets, or in cats with kidney disease. Use cautiously in pets with seizures, liver, or kidney disease. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Enrofloxacin otic is applied topically and is labeled to treat ear infections in dogs. It is also used off-label to treat ear infections in cats. Give as directed. Side effects are rare but may include temporary hearing loss or skin reactions. Do not use with pets allergic to quinolones or sulfonamides, with young animals, or with those with central nervous system disorders. If a negative reaction occurs, please call the veterinary office.
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Enzymes are given by mouth and are used over the counter or as a prescription to treat digestion problems, pain, or inflammation. Give as directed by your veterinarian. Side effects may include vomiting, diarrhea, and allergic reactions. Do not use in pets that are allergic to the enzyme or the source of the enzyme. Use cautiously in pets with liver or kidney disease, or in pets that are pregnant or nursing. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Ephedra is prescribed most often treat breathing problems and is given by mouth. Give as directed by your veterinarian. Side effects include increased heart rate, body temperature, and blood pressure, agitation, restlessness, sleeplessness, nausea, tremors, and vomiting. Do not use in pets that are allergic, pregnant, nursing, are debilitated, elderly or young, or have glaucoma, heart disease, high blood pressure, seizures, diabetes, anxiety, enlarged prostate, liver disease, kidney disease or thyroid disease. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Ephedrine is most commonly given by injection (and rarely by mouth) and is used off label to treat low blood pressure and certain types of urinary incontinence. Give as directed by your veterinarian. Common side effects include restlessness, fast heartbeat, and high blood pressure. Do not use in pets that are allergic to it or in pets with severe heart disease or abnormal heart rhythms. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Epileptic seizures in pets are a diagnosis of exclusion and may be found in any dog but there may be some breed predispositions that are more common. The cause is often unknown. A variety of medications are available to help control the seizure activity if an underlying cause is not found.
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Epineprhine is a drug used most often in emergency situations for animals (e.g., anaphylaxis, cardiopulmonary resuscitation/CPR). It may be added to local anesthesia drugs due to its ability to cause veins to constrict, thus delaying the body’s absorption of the drugs and prolonging the duration of the local anesthetic duration.
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Erythromycin is given by mouth or injection and is used off label to treat bacterial infections and gastrointestinal motility problems in many animal species. Common side effects include diarrhea, lack of appetite, and vomiting. Do not use in pets that are allergic to it, have liver disease or dysfunction, or in pets such as rabbits, gerbils, guinea pigs, or hamsters. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Erythromycin ophthalmic is an antimicrobial medication used to treat certain types of eye infections. It may be used “off label” or “extra label” to treat other eye conditions. Erythromycin ophthalmic comes in ointment form. Caution when using this medication in pocket pets as fatal diarrhea may occur if ingested orally.
